采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱分析研究了含W型10%Cr(质量分数)超超临界钢中δ-铁素体的组织形貌与微观结构.结果表明,δ-铁素体的生成机理与奥氏体化加热温度密切相关.当加热温度较低时,极少量δ-铁素体在原奥氏体晶粒内部优先形核生长,呈针状分布;当加热温度较高时,δ-铁素体在原奥氏体晶界处形核,快速生长,呈多边形分布,转变时发生溶质组元再分配.两种形态的铁素体均明显降低了含W型10%Cr超超临界钢的冲击韧性,但是,针状δ-铁素体降低冲击韧性的幅度远大于多边形δ-铁素体;即使针状δ-铁素体的体积分数极少,也会对钢的力学性能造成极大影响.
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