用竖式炉流动法,以二茂铁为催化剂,噻吩为助催化剂,苯为碳源通过催化裂解反应在1100～1200℃制备了直线形碳纳米管,外径为20～50 nm,内径10～30 nm,长度50～1000 μm.用化学镀工艺在碳纳米管表面均匀包覆了Ni-P和Ni-N合金,研究了它们的磁性能及其环氧树脂基复合材料在2～18 GHz的微波吸收性能.与纯碳纳米管相比,镀Ni-P合金碳纳米管复合材料的吸收峰向高频移动,镀Ni-P和Ni-N合金碳纳米管经热处理后,复合材料的吸收峰向低频移动.镀Ni-P合金碳纳米管以及镀Ni-P和Ni-N合金经热处理碳纳米管的矫顽力分别为304.34 Oe、 81.65 Oe、 183.85 Oe.随着矫顽力的增加,在2～18 GHz,复合材料的微波吸收峰向高频移动.在复合材料中,碳纳米管以及镀Ni-P和Ni-N合金的碳纳米管作为偶极子吸收微波.
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