复合材料的工艺过程对最终产品的力学性能具有决定性影响,但其机理十分复杂.通过设置一系列固化压力历程以产生不同水平的孔隙率,采用超声C扫描、显微镜分析和酸解法对孔隙的分布、形状、尺寸和体积含量进行了定性和定量表征.讨论了孔隙率对层压板层间剪切性能、弯曲性能和拉伸性能的影响规律,获得了性能下降的临界孔隙率值.结果表明:孔隙率对性能的影响只受孔隙含量、分布、尺寸和形状等的影响,而与产生方式没有直接联系.本文作者的研究将工艺参数、孔隙率和性能有机地联系起来,体现了复合材料设计、制备与性能一体化的特点.
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