采用十二烷基二甲基卞基氯化铵(DBDA)和间苯二甲胺(MXDA)设计并制备了一种新型有机化改¨蒙脱土(MMTⅡ),通过球磨法来促进其在环氧树脂中的细化与分散,制备出具有良好解离结构的MMTⅡ/环氧纳米复合材料.利用红外光谱(FTIR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)表征了新型MMTⅡ及其纳米复合材料的结构,测试了力学性能.结构表征与分析表明,大颗粒粘土聚集体并不能在搅拌混合过程中分散开,在固化过程中很难充分解离,而通过球磨过程中产生的剪切力可促进其分散与细化,从而获得良好解离结构.MMTⅡ中MXDA的引入,减少了季铵盐分子链所产生的悬键,增加了MMTⅡ片层的界面反应性,大大提高了纳米复合材料的力学性能,冲击强度由32.1kJ/m2提高到48.1kJ/m2,提高近50%,弯曲强度提高近8%.
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