基于均匀化理论研究了复合材料粘弹性分析的多尺度方法,以及复合材料等效热应力松弛规律.引入了等效粘弹性热应力系数张量和等效时变热膨胀系数的概念,建立了含温度变化的复合材料热粘弹性本构关系,并给出了基于均匀化理论的复合材料粘弹性松弛模量、等效热应力松弛系数和等效时变热膨胀系数的预测方法.对特殊复合材料的粘弹性性质进行了分析,结果表明:(1)复合材料的粘弹性本构关系具有与常规材料的本构关系类似的形式,但一般复合材料的热应力松弛规律与常规材料不同,其热膨胀不能瞬时完成,而具有明显的时变性质;(2)空心材料的热膨胀具有瞬时性质,其等效时变热膨胀系数与基体材料的热膨胀系数相同,其热应力松弛规律与基体材料的松弛规律相同;(3)当各组分材料的松弛模量的各分量可分解成不同的系数与相同的时间函数的乘积时,复合材料的等效时变热膨胀系数与时间无关,其松弛规律与常规材料的松弛规律完全相同.
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