采用液态搅拌法制备漂珠增强铝基复合材料过程中,当颗粒含量较低时,熔体容易分层.为了了解颗粒在铝熔体中的分布情况,对试样的不同位置进行扫描电镜分析.结果表明,在试样的底部有明显的纯铝层,而漂珠在上部的铝熔体中分布均匀.漂珠向熔体上部移动的速度主要取决于漂珠颗粒与铝熔体的密度差、颗粒直径、颗粒体积分数及铝熔体粘度.原料确定后,只能通过增加铝熔体的粘度或减少浇铸过程的时间来减少纯铝层的产生.因此,可以采用下浇铸式方法和快速冷却装置,使颗粒来不及向上运动而被凝固在铝熔体中,形成漂珠在铝熔体中均匀分布的复合材料.
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