以纳米SiO2为载体,以其富集水的表面吸附层作为纳米反应器制备了Ag纳米粒子,研究了水浓度对吸附和反应的影响.体系中NaOH加入量一定的条件下,硅胶表面NaOH的平衡吸附量随着水浓度(0、0.05%、0.10%、0.25%、0.50%、1.00%)的增加而增加,且存在两个突变区域(由0增至0.05%和由0.25%增至0.50%).通过XRD、TEM分析发现生成的银粒子(或氧化银)团聚现象随水浓度的增加而逐渐减弱,在硅胶表面分布越来越均匀,晶粒粒径也逐渐减小.当水浓度约为0.50%时,生成的Ag或Ag2O粒子粒径多数在5 nm以下,且均匀分布在SiO2表面.根据Ag+的还原机理和吸附过程基本原理,认为吸附水层的形成导致生成Ag粒子的反应场所由硅胶表面转移到吸附水层中,造成了Ag粒子形貌的变化.
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