用热重法研究了二维炭/炭(2D-C/C)复合材料的等温氧化,提出了氧化动力学模型,用SEM观察了样品不同氧化程度的微观形貌,并探讨了材料的等温氧化机理.氧化分2个阶段: 线性氧化阶段,氧化失重率小于约65%,氧化速率处于稳定状态;非线性氧化阶段,氧化失重率约大于65%,氧化速率急剧减小.Arrhenius曲线由折点在800～850 ℃之间的2条直线组成.线性氧化阶段,活化能分别为217.2 kJ/mol和157.0 kJ/mol;非线性氧化阶段,反应级数分别为0.55和0.65,活化能分别为219.3 kJ/mol和182.0 kJ/mol.通过实验验证,氧化动力学模型可以较好地预测材料的恒温氧化.氧化从炭纤维与基体炭的界面开始,基体氧化快于纤维,氧化后期主要是纤维的氧化.在750～800 ℃,氧化为化学反应控制;在850～905 ℃,氧化由化学反应和气体扩散共同控制,但非线性氧化阶段气体扩散对氧化的贡献小于线性氧化阶段.
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