采用切割-浇注法,以硫铝酸盐水泥为基体,制备了1-3型水泥基压电复合材料.详细阐述了1-3型水泥基压电复合材料的制备过程;研究了0.375Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.375PbTiO3-0.25PbZrO3压电陶瓷柱的宽厚比w/t对1-3型水泥基压电复合材料的压电性能、介电性能和声阻抗的影响.结果表明: 压电陶瓷柱的宽厚比w/t对1-3型水泥基压电复合材料性能有很大影响,随着w/t的增加,其压电应变常数d33、机电耦合系数Kp与Kt、机械品质因数Qm、介电常数εr和介电损耗tan δ均随着w/t的增加而减小,而压电电压常数g33值几乎不受w/t的影响.在压电陶瓷体积分数仅为22.72%的条件下,调节压电陶瓷柱的宽厚比w/t至0.130,可使复合材料的声阻抗与混凝土的声阻抗十分接近,从而有效地解决了智能材料在土木工程中的声阻抗相容性问题.
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