为了研制一种高性能自润滑轴承内套圈材料,以锡青铜、316L不锈钢和Mos2粉末为原料,采用多坯料挤压成形与烧结致密化相结合的方法,制备了芯部承压层为316L不锈钢,表面固体润滑层为锡青铜和MoS2,中间过渡层为锡青铜、316L不锈钢和Mos2的不锈钢背锡青铜梯度自润滑复合棒材,采用光学金相显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)对其微观组织进行观察、并采用万能材料试验机(MTS)和摩擦磨损试验机对其物理力学性能和摩擦性能进行测试.结果表明:在氢气保护气氛下,1050℃保温2 h可以制备出致密性良好,各层显微组织过渡平缓,硬度和摩擦因数沿径向呈梯度分布的自润滑材料.材料实测平均密度8.35 g·cm-3,相对密度96.8%;径向压溃强度950 MPa;自润滑层工作面摩擦因数约0.30,显微维氏硬度1.44 GPa磨损率5.2×10-9m·N-1·m-1.与其他固体自润滑材料相比,不锈钢背锡青铜梯度自润滑材料的力学性能、耐磨性能等显著提高.
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