采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法(HS-SPME-GC-MS)分离鉴定了白术中的挥发性成分,并与采用传统的水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)提取的挥发性成分进行了比较.实验中筛选了固相微萃取纤维头,优化了SPME的操作条件.样品在70 ℃下平衡30 min后,用65 μm聚二甲基硅氧烷-二乙烯基苯(PDMS-DVB)纤维头对白术样品顶空吸附30 min,于250 ℃下解吸4 min, 然后采用GC-MS对解吸物进行分离鉴定;采用HS-SPME-GC-MS鉴定出41种组分,占总峰面积的90.81% ;采用SD-GC-MS鉴定出31个组分,占总峰面积的88.19% ,且采用SD所提取的组分基本上都被固相微萃取所提取.结果表明, HS-SPME可取代耗时的SD用于白术中挥发性物质的提取.
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