连续纤维增强NiAl基复合材料是一类极具应用前景的高温结构材料.本文对Al2O3(f)/NiAl复合材料的工艺、界面结合状况、改善措施及Al2O3纤维的拉伸性能进行了评述.在已开发的最具代表性的各种工艺(扩散结合法,压力铸造,定向/悬浮区域熔炼)中,扩散结合法中的磁控溅射法对Al2O3纤维的损伤最少.在不同工艺过程中引入杂质使Al2O3(f)/NiAl复合材料的界面变得复杂,以及NiAl与Al2O3纤维的热膨胀系数(CTE)不匹配(NiAl CTE=16 ×10-5 ℃-1,Al2O3 fiberCTE=9.4×10-6 ℃-1),要求对复合材料的界面进行改性,而BN涂层对界面改性十分有效.关于Al2O3(f)/NiAl复合材料的力学性能,大多数的研究集中在Al2O3纤维的拉伸强度以及复合材料制备过程中Al2O3纤维强度的退化.对Al2O3(f)/NiAl复合材料的发展方向及前景进行了展望.
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