使用原子力显微镜的探针对石墨的双原子厚片层进行了撕裂和折叠实验,结果表明:石墨片层只沿特定的方向撕裂和折叠;被折叠的片层在折叠轴处会形成一个未封闭的碳纳米管,即石墨片层的sp2键结构在折叠轴处会形成类sp3的结构缺陷;被折叠的片层可以完全展平到原来的位置或被继续撕成形状相同但尺寸较大的三角形.这说明在外力作用下sp2键结构和类sp3键结构可以自由地相互转化而不被损坏,由此可以解释碳纳米管惊人的可弯性.
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