采用球形压头的数值模拟表明,当应变硬化指数n大于0.23时,不论屈服应变σy/E为何值,在压入过程中所有材料的压痕周围均出现凹陷;当n小于0.23时,随着σy/E的增大,材料由凸起向凹陷转变;当σy/E大于0.02时,不论n为何值材料也都出现凹陷;当σ y/E小于0.02时,材料出现凸起向凹陷的转变,当比值残余压痕深度/最大压入深度(hf/hmax)小于0.76时,材料出现凹陷,n值越大凹陷越严重;当hf,/hmax＞0.76,若n＜0.23材料出现由凸起向凹陷转变,若n＞0.23材料均发生凹陷,还得到了反映凸起凹陷的表观参量C2与接触面积Am之间的函数关系,分析了C2对压痕硬度误差的影响规律.
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