采用热轧的方式制备了不锈钢/碳钢包层钢筋,研究了包层钢筋的机械性能及界面的结合情况.通过拉伸、剪切实验测试了钢筋的抗拉强度等性能及两金属的结合强度.应用OM,SEM,EDS以及显微硬度仪对界面附近的显微形貌、元素扩散以及显微硬度分布进行分析.实验结果显示:不锈钢/碳钢包层钢筋的轧制过程中双金属等比例延伸,其抗拉强度高达550 MPa,延伸率45％,拉伸过程中出现明显缩颈,断口处两金属未分离.随轧制道次的增加,金属结合更加致密,剪切强度增加,最大剪切强度为333 MPa,剪切断裂面出现典型的塑性韧窝和剪切滑移.界面附近出现了明显的元素扩散,不锈钢中的Cr,Mn和Ni等元素向碳钢扩散,碳钢中的Fe元素向不锈钢扩散,总扩散距离约30 μm,造成界面附近碳钢侧的显微硬度显著增大,第6道次后其值为399.4 HV,远高于碳钢基体的硬度.复合包层钢筋界面间形成了良好的冶金扩散结合.
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