针对42CrMo钢车轮内部裂纹及表面剥落问题,进行了成分测试、裂纹宏观及微观的观察与分析.建立了无缺陷和含疏松缺陷的车轮锻件淬火过程的热力耦合有限元模型,获得了车轮在淬火过程中产生的残余应力场.结果表明,车轮内部疏松缺陷是淬火过程中疏松区域内产生应力集中的主要原因,疏松区域尺寸对于应力集中最大值没有影响;淬火工艺导致车轮内部缺陷区域产生非常高的周向应力,使疏松区域产生裂纹,但其扩展到疏松区域外的可能性不大,而靠近车轮外表面边缘处的缺陷经过淬火后,疏松区域内外载荷叠加效应将导致剥落现象发生.
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