采用溶胶-凝胶法, 以聚乙二醇为介孔造孔剂、淀粉为大孔造孔剂, 经过600℃热处理, 制得介孔平均孔径为10nm左右、大孔平均孔径为8~11μm的SiO2块状材料. 样品的最小密度为0.34g·cm-3, 最大气孔率为76%. 引入30%淀粉制备多孔样品作固定葡萄糖淀粉酶的载体, 可使初始酶活力由原来的5994U提高至14702U. 且连续使用五次之后仍具有一定的酶活力. 另外在80℃水中浸泡7天之后, 多孔样品对酶的吸附量均有提高. 浸泡前后, 酶活力相差不大. 这些结果表明: 此类多孔材料在固定葡萄糖淀粉酶方面可长时间使用, 便于酶的回收、保存和再利用.
SiO2 monoliths with double-pore structure were successfully synthesized with polyethylene glycol as mesopore-making agent and starch as macropore-making agent via a sol-gel route. The porous blocks, having mesopores with about 10nm pore size and macropores with 8~11μm pore size, could be formed from the removal of polyethylene glycol and starch after heated at 600℃. The minimal density of the obtained samples was 0.34g·cm-3 and the maximal porosity was 76%. The original enzyme activity was improved from 5994U to 14702U by adding 30% of starch to the bare SiO2 sample. After immersed in water at 80℃ for 7 days, the enzyme adsorption of the samples was increased and there was little difference between enzyme activity before and after immersion. Those results indicated that such double-pore materials with long-term stability on gluczyme immobilization should be easy to reclamation, reservation and recycle of enzyme.
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