以Pb3O4、ZrO2、TiO2和Nb2O5为原料, 按Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3+1%Nb2O5配料混合, 采用柱面冲击波装置对粉料进行冲击合成, 研究了冲击波作用对粉体性能和烧结特性的影响, 并利用球模型推导的扩散机制的烧结方程获得PZT95/5陶瓷的烧结活化能. 结果表明, 利用冲击波的高温高压作用可以合成单一钙钛矿相PZT95/5粉体, 同时由于冲击波的活化作用和破碎作用, 使粉体晶粒细化, 并产生了一定程度的晶格畸变, 可显著改善陶瓷的烧结性能. 该试样在1200℃无压烧结3h, 陶瓷体致密度达到7.79g·cm-3, 其烧结活化能由固相合成试样的242.57kJ·mol-1降低为115.12 kJ·mol-1,起到活化烧结的目的.
Pb(Zr0.95Ti0.05)O3 (PZT 95/5) powder was synthesized from the mixture of Pb3O4, ZrO2, TiO2 and Nb2O5 with cylindrical shock-loading device. By means of XRD, SEM, DSC-TG etc, the effects of shock wave on properties and sintering behavior of PZT 95/5 powder was studied. Also, the sintering activation energy of PZT 95/5 ceramic was obtained according to the sintering equation of diffusion mechanism deduced by sphere model. The results show that, the single-phase perovskite PZT 95/5 powder can be successfully prepared with the effects of high temperature and high pressure of shock wave. Because of the activation and fragmentation caused by shock wave, the grain refinement and lattice distortion are observed in PZT 95/5 powder, which can ameliorate the sinterability of PZT 95/5 ceramic. After pressureless sintered at 1200℃ for 3h, PZT 95/5 ceramic with density of 7.79 g·cm-3 can be obtained. And the sintering activation energy of PZT 95/5 ceramic prepared by shock synthesis is 115.12 kJ·mol-1, while that prepared by solid-state reaction is 242.57kJ·mol-1. The sintering is activated evidently.
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