采用反应熔体渗透法(reactive melt infiltration, RMI)制备了碳/碳化硅(C/SiC)刹车材料, 利用X射线衍射分析了材料组成, 并通过光学、扫描电子和透射电子显微镜从不同尺度观察了刹车材料的微观结构. 结果发现, 反应生成的SiC是面心立方的β-SiC, 主要分布在胎网层、针刺纤维附近以及无纬布层的纤维束间; 残余的单质Si分布在SiC的颗粒间. SiC在SiC-Si界面上, 以大约5～15μm的粗大颗粒存在; 而在SiC-C界面上, 以粒径100nm左右的细小颗粒存在.
Carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix (C/SiC) braking materials were prepared by a reactive melt infiltration method. The microstructure characteristics of SiC were studied by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope in combination with component analysis by X-ray diffraction. Results show that β-SiC zone usually forms inside the short-cut fabric, around the needling fibers, and among the fiber bundles in the non-woven web. Residual Si locates among SiC grains. In C/SiC composites, there exist two different areas of SiC, one is coarser β-SiC grains between 5--15μm at the SiC-Si interface. and the other is a zone of a fine grained β-SiC layer with dimension of about 100nm at the SiC-C interface.
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