以异丙醇钛为前驱体，采用溶胶水热方法合成了TiO2纳米晶. 采用XRD和TEM等测试技术研究了合成条件对TiO2纳米晶的晶粒度、结晶度以及相转变的影响规律. 研究显示，通过控制前驱液的预热处理、水热温度及前驱液浓度等条件，实现了对TiO2纳米晶的晶型、结晶度、晶粒度 (10～20nm 到120nm) 的稳定调控. 采用优化实验条件后得到的TiO2纳米晶的水性浆料，使用精确控制膜厚的涂布技术，制作成染料敏化太阳电池 (Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells, DSSC).由于制备的TiO2纳米晶具有纯锐钛矿晶型、合适的晶粒大小和良好的结晶性，使DSSC的光电转换效率达到了7.33%，高于同样实验条件下以P25或商业TiO2浆料制作的DSSC的光电转换效率.
TiO2 nanopaticle was synthesised by sol-hydrothermal using titanium isopropoxide as the precursor. The effects of synthesis conditions on grain size, crystallinity and phase transformation between phasepure rutile and phase-pure anatase, were analyzed by TEM and XRD. It was revealed that crystal-type, crystallinity and crystal-size (from 10-20nm to 120nm) of TiO2 nanoparticles could be controlled by the pre-thermal treatment, hydrothermal temperature and concentration of the precursor. A paste, made from the nanoparticles and water, and by a doctor-blade technology which could control the thickness of the film were utilized to make a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC), which achieved a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 7.33%, as a result of the phase-pure anatase, appropriate grain size and favorable crystallinity of the TiO2 nanoparticles. It exceeded those DSSC’s efficiencies made from the commercial paste or P25 paste.
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