采用化学浸蚀与高温热处理相结合的方法来改善P2O5-BaO-Al2O3-K2O磷酸盐玻璃表面平整性、去除玻璃表面杂质, 提高用管棒法制备光纤预制棒时纤芯和包层玻璃的表面质量, 消除由于机械抛光工艺带来的表面缺陷和表面污染. 实验研究了磷酸盐玻璃盐酸浸蚀的特性, 分析了盐酸溶液与磷酸盐玻璃作用机制, 并确定了浸蚀参数，9mol/L的盐酸溶液对此磷酸盐玻璃具有最大浸蚀速率, 浸蚀30min后, 可消除玻璃表面的划痕. 盐酸溶液对玻璃的浸蚀反应使磷酸盐玻璃表面平整, 但在玻璃表面产生了晶化覆盖层. 通过进一步在拉丝温度下热处理, 可使玻璃表面覆盖层重新非晶化, 提高玻璃透过率. 实验结果表明：化学浸蚀和高温热处理的复合方法是一种有效改善磷酸盐玻璃表面质量的途径.
The surface of P2O5-BaO-Al2O3-K2O phosphate glass was modified by using both a chemical etching process and a subsequent high-temperature heat treatment, which can effectively remove the surface defects of phosphate glass and the surface contaminations caused by traditional polishing technology. The process of etching phosphate glass in hydrochloric acid was studied to investigate the etching mechanism and determine the etching optimum conditions. It is found that the etching reactions between hydrochloric acid and glass make the phosphate glass surface smooth while a crystal layer is formed on the glass surface. The optimum etching process is as follows, etching in a 9mol/L HCl solution for 30min. After further heating the glass at 550℃, the crystal layer can be removed as crystal particles on glass surface melt, which results in the increase of the transmittance of glass. The results show that a process combining chemical etching the phosphate glass with subsequent heating treatment is an effective method to improve the surface quality of the phosphate glass.
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