以正硅酸乙酯和无水氯化铝为前驱体, 乙醚为氧供体, 采用非水解溶胶凝胶法制备了直径为0.2~20μm, 长径比高达60~70的莫来石晶须. 借助XRD、SEM和TEM等测试手段研究了莫来石干凝胶粉的活性、矿化剂氟化铝引入方式及其用量、成型压力以及煅烧温度等工艺参数对合成莫来石晶须的影响. 结果表明：采用恒压回流工艺制备的莫来石干凝胶粉, 在12MPa压力下压制成片状, 以外置方式引入3wt%的氟化铝, 在1200℃保温1h可制备质量较好的莫来石晶须.
Mullite whisker was prepared via nonhydrolytic Sol-Gel route using tetraethoxysilane and anhydrous aluminium chloride as precursors and ether as oxygen donor.The prepared mullite whisker is 0.2-2.0μm in diameter, with aspect ratio of 60-70. Effects of processing parameters on the mullite whisker were also studied by means of XRD, SEM and TEM, including activity of mullite xerogel, addition way and amount of mineralizer AlF3, forming pressure and calcining temperature. The results indicate that the mullite xerogel prepared by the constant pressure reflux, transforms into the whisker with high yield and good quality after being shaped into disc at the pressure of 12MPa and calcined at 1200℃ for 1h with outside addition of 3wt% AlF3.
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