通过紫外-可见、扫描电镜、方波伏安、循环伏安、稳定性考察,研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为钒电池电解液的添加剂对电解液的稳定性和电化学活性的影响,并对其机理进行了探讨.研究结果表明:电解液中CTAB胶束的季铵头部基团与五价钒作用,阻止五价钒的进一步聚合,从而抑制了五价钒的结晶.同时,添加剂在电极和电解液界面上,形成稳定的半球状颗粒,起到胶束催化V(IV)N(V)氧化还原电对的作用.交流阻抗、充放电测试表明添加CTAB的电解液大大减小电荷传递电阻,使双电层电容增大一倍,提高电解液的电化学反应活性.这与CTAB的胶束催化相吻合.
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