以钛酸四丁酯和硝酸镧为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法,制备出La掺杂TiO2膜.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅立叶红外(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、低温氮物理吸附、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对光催化剂的晶相结构、光谱特征和表面结构进行表征.以气相甲苯为模型物,在自制光催化反应器中考察了催化剂在可见光下对气相有机污染物的去除性能.结果表明,La掺杂可诱发催化剂的可见光催化活性,500℃热处理的2.8%mol La掺杂TiO2膜在60min内即可完全去除6110.18mg/m3的气相甲苯;掺入的La主要以La2O3的形式存在,同时有一部分形成Ti-O-La键;La掺杂可抑制TiO2锐钛矿相向金红石相转变、提高相转变温度、减小晶粒尺寸及增大催化剂比表面积;La/TiO2薄膜表面光滑、致密,La的引入能有效抑制TiO2膜气孔的产生;La掺杂可提高TiO2在可见光区的吸收,使催化剂吸收边向长波移动;La的f轨道的电子跃迁和TiO2晶格扭曲是催化剂可见光活性提高的重要原因.
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