利用表面活性剂JFC、正辛醇、环己烷和水溶液组成的反相微乳液体系, 通过调控水相/油相体积比(R), 分别合成出?30~80nm球形, 直径80nm×350nm棒状, 厚度50nm片状结构氧化锌纳米材料. XRD、SEM和HRTEM分析表明, 合成的氧化锌纳米材料虽然维度不同, 但晶体结构相近, 初步分析其合成机理为: 微乳液水核形状控制了合成材料维度, 水核之间反应物动态交换的特点和氧化锌在水溶液中各向异性生长的特性共同决定了纳米材料晶体结构; 微乳液电导率变化趋势与水核形状密切相关, 可依据其合成不同形态氧化锌纳米材料; 以甲基橙水溶液为模拟污染物评价不同维度纳米氧化锌光催化性能, 结果表明, 一维棒状纳米氧化锌具有更高的光催化活性.
The zinc oxide nano-materials with three structures including 30?80nm spherical, length of 350nm rod and thickness of 50nm flake were synthesised at different volume ratio of water and oil phase (R) by the reverse phase microemulsion which consist of surfactant JFC, 1-octanol, cyclohexane and aqueous solution. The microstructures of zinc oxide nano-materials were observed by XRD, SEM, and HRTEM. The results show that the dimensions of zinc oxide nano materials are controlled by the shape of water core, and their crystal structures are controlled by the dynamic exchange of reactants between water cores and ZnO anisotropic growth in aqueous solution. Because the microemulsion conductivity is closely related to the water core shape, different morphology of zinc oxide nano-materials can be synthesized by adjusting conductivity. In addition, the photocatalytic properties of the different dimensions ZnO were evaluated with methyl orange aqueous solution as simulate pollutant. The result show that 1-D nano-ZnO has higher photocatalytic activity than 0-D and 2-D nano-ZnO materials.
参考文献
| [1] | Wang W W, Zhu Y J, Yang L X. ZnO-SnO2 hollow spheres and hierarchical nanosheets: hydrothermal preparation, formation mechanism, and photocatalytic properties. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2007, 17(1): 59-64. |
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