以正丙醇为前驱体, N2为载气和稀释气体, 采用等温化学气相渗透(ICVI)工艺, 沉积温度为1050、1100、1150℃, 压力为6kPa, 对初始密度为0.43g/cm3的2D针刺炭毡进行致密化, 沉积96h制备出表观密度分别为1.64、1.68 和1.69/cm3的C/C复合材料. 考察了密度随沉积时间的变化规律, 利用三点弯曲测试了材料的弯曲强度, 采用偏光显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察了材料的组织结构和断口形貌. 结果表明以正丙醇为前驱体, 采用ICVI工艺在1050和1150℃下制备的试样组织为高织构和中织构的混合组织, 1100℃制备的试样基体组织为均一的高织构, 其弯曲强度可达199.24MPa. 在本实验条件下, 并未发现正丙醇中的氧元素在高温下对炭纤维的腐蚀作用, 正丙醇可以作为前驱体制备高性能C/C复合材料.
Two dimension needle-punched carbonfiber felts with an initial bulk density of 0.43 g/cm3 weredensified by isothermal-isobaric chemical vapor infiltration (ICVI) at 1050,1100, 1150℃and total pressure of 6kPa, using n-propanoldiluted by nitrogen as the precursor of pyrolytic carbon. The bulk density ofC/C composite after densified for 96h were 1.64 g/cm3, 1.68g/cm3and 1.69/cm3, respectively. Bulk densities of the infiltrated sampleswere determined as a function of infiltration time. The flexural strength wasinvestigated by three-point bending test. Texture and fracture surface morphologyof the samples were studied by polarized light microscope (PLM) and scanningelectron microscope (SEM). A layer of midium-textured carbon followed by alayer of high-textured carbon matrix were formed at 1050 and 1150 ℃. WhileC/C composites with pure high-textured pyrolytic carbon matrix was obtained at1100℃, with the flexural strength of 199.24MPa. No oxidationtrace was found on the surface of carbon fiber from PLM and SEM observation. Consequently,n-propanol is a promising precursor in CVI process for the densification of high-performanceC/C composites.
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