通过原位化学氧化聚合法成功制备了聚吡咯(PPy)包裹酸处理多壁碳纳米管(F-MWCNTs)的复合材料(PPy/F-MWCNTs). 对所制备的PPy/F-MWCNTs纳米复合材料, 分别采用傅里叶变换红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)、热重分析(TGA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面分析(BET)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)进行表征. 实验结果表明: 在F-MWCNTs表面均匀包覆了一层约25~40nm厚的PPy, PPy/F-MWCNTs的比表面积较单一的聚吡咯提高了近3倍. 基于PPy/F-MWCNTs的气敏元件在室温下对NH3的气敏性能较单一聚吡咯和碳纳米管具有更高的灵敏度, 更短的响应时间以及更好的稳定性, 其中对体积浓度为200×10-6的NH3的灵敏度能达到1.9, 响应时间为135s. 另外与PPy包覆未经酸处理的MWCNTs相比, PPy/F-MWCNTs的灵敏度更高.
A nanocomposite (PPy/F-MWCNTs) were successfully synthesized by the in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization with acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNTs) and polypyrroles(PPy). The as-prepared composite was characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectra (FT-IR), UV-Vis diffuse refflection spectroscope (UV-Vis DRS), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Branauer- Emmett-Teller analysis (BET), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results reveal that the F-MWCNTs is well coated with about 25-40nm thick polypyrrole, and the surface specific areas of PPy/F-MWCNTs is about three times than that of pure PPy. The sensors fabricated by PPy/F-MWCNTs exhibit higher sensitivity, better response/reproducibility towards NH3 vapor at room temperature than that fabricated by pure PPy or F-MWCNTs. The sensitivity is 1.9 even to 200×10-6 of NH3 and the response time is 135s. In addition, compared with MWCNTs untreated with acid, the as-prepared PPy/F-MWCNTs also exhibits higher sensitivity than that prepared without acid-treated MWCNTs.
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