利用水热法合成了单相、立方体形貌且平均颗粒尺寸在1 μm的锆钛酸铅(PZT)陶瓷粉体. 研究了碱度、反应时间对最终产物的影响, 着重研究了不同碱度下Pb缺失的补偿问题. 结果表明: 碱度对最终PZT产物A位Pb离子的固溶程度有着重要的影响. 碱度越高, A位缺失的Pb离子就越多. 原料中适当的Pb过量能够有效补偿Pb离子的缺失, 碱度越高, 所需添加的Pb离子的过量程度也就越高. 但过多的Pb离子加入量会导致最终产物中出现第二相.
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powders with single-phase, cubic morphology and average size of 1 μm were synthesized using hydrothermal methods. Effects of KOH concentration, hydrothermal treatment time and Pb excess were investigated. The results show that KOH concentration has an important influence on the solid solubility of Pb ion in A-site of PZT perovskite structure. The concentration of Pb2+ vacancies increased with the increase of OH- concentration. However, this kind of deficiency could be compensated by adding more Pb ions in the raw materials, and more Pb ions were needed to add with higher alkaline concentration in the starting solution. But excessive compensation of Pb ions would result in the appearance of the second phase.
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