通过机械球磨对ZnO粉末进行处理,采用XRD、SEM对不同球磨时间的ZnO粉末的相结构和形貌进行表征,用恒电流充放电实验研究其在锌镍电池体系中的放电特性和循环稳定性,并结合循环伏安法探讨其充放电机理.实验结果表明,球磨过程中位错的形成和运动导致晶粒尺寸的减小和晶格应变值的增大,晶粒尺寸由135.6 nm减小至17.9 nm,晶格应变值相应地从0.06％增加到0.57％.球磨处理提高了ZnO粉末的电化学反应活性,因而其放电容量逐渐增加.当球磨时间达到100h时,ZnO的放电容量达到300.6 mAh/g,比未球磨的高50 mAh/g.
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