以钛酸四丁酯(TBT)为原料,利用溶胶-凝胶法、小孔干燥和老化液浸泡工艺在常压下制备出了完整、无开裂的TiO2气凝胶块体.研究了小孔干燥和老化液浸泡技术对常压制备TiO2气凝胶的影响,研究结果表明:小孔干燥能够降低TiO2醇凝胶干燥过程中所受的不均匀收缩应力,而TBT醇溶液和TEOS醇溶液浸泡处理,能够增强凝胶的骨架强度,有助于减轻凝胶在干燥过程中的收缩和开裂,制备出完整的高性能TiO2气凝胶块体.基于小孔干燥和TEOS乙醇溶液浸泡老化处理,制备得到的高性能完整TiO2气凝胶块体,其密度为0.184 g/cm3,比表面积达389.5 m2/g.用高温煅烧后的锐钛矿相TiO2气凝胶催化降解渤海原油污水模拟溶液,在TiO2气凝胶加入量为400 mg/L的情况下,90 min内对渤海原油污水的去除率最高可达91％.
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