无机介孔纳米生物材料在药物靶向输送、组织工程、基因传输治疗、分子影像、无创手术增效治疗等医学领域具有广阔的应用前景,对于诸如癌症等重大疾病的早期诊断与高效治疗具有重要的意义.本文以医学应用需求为背景,以纳米合成化学为基础,从多功能介孔纳米生物材料的设计入手,结合本课题组的研究进展,综述了介孔基纳米诊疗剂的研究现状和未来发展的趋势.通过对介孔SiO2纳米粒子进行功能化修饰,赋予其特定的功能,不仅可以作为临床分子影像(核磁共振成像、荧光成像以及各种成像模式的复合)的造影剂对疾病进行诊断,并能同时高效地包覆和传输药物对疾病进行治疗(化疗、基因治疗、光动力学治疗或者无创手术治疗).随着纳米生物技术的发展和纳米合成化学的进步,设计和制备具有特定功能的满足临床需求的介孔氧化硅基纳米生物材料,并系统地评价其细胞生物学效应和生物安全性,将会真正实现其在临床上的应用,从而造福人类.
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