随着动力电池和电网储能等对高性能电池需求的增大,具有超高比能量的锂空气电池受到了越来越多的关注.为了开发出循环性能好、安全实用的锂空气电池,各国研究者对相应的正极材料、电解质、催化剂和防水透氧膜等都做了大量的探索性工作,并取得了一系列的进展.其中,找到稳定的电解质、设法减小放电产物的钝化,对锂空气电池的真正可逆循环最为关键.本文以惰性有机电解质体系的锂空气电池为主,总结了近年来在空气正极、催化剂、电解质和防水透氧膜等方面的最新研究成果,同时简单介绍了其它体系的锂空气电池,并提出了对锂空气电池未来的努力和发展方向.
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