采用相转化/高温烧结技术方法制备了多孔钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)中空纤维膜,中空纤维膜的外径1.92 mm,壁厚为0.21 mm.SEM分析表明:纤维膜为典型的三明治结构,靠近膜内外表面为指状孔,中间区域为海绵状层.采用阿基米德法测得其孔隙率为54％.用泡点法测得其平均孔径为0.56 μm.通过表面接枝氟硅烷将其亲水性的表面改变为疏水性.真空式膜蒸馏实验表明YSZ中空纤维膜具有优异的盐水淡化性能.当膜的外侧与温度为80℃、浓度为4wt％的循环盐水接触,膜的内侧用真空泵抽至4×103 Pa时,膜的水渗透通量高达48.3 L/(m2·h),脱盐率大于99.7％.
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