采用共沉淀法制备了一系列铜基催化剂,在N2中于高压釜中,考察了其催化甘油脱水制备羟基丙酮的反应性能.结果表明,Cu/SiO2催化剂具有较高的催化甘油脱水活性,但目的产物羟基丙酮易与反应产生的H2生成1,2-丙二醇,使得羟基丙酮选择性不高.因此,在固定床反应器上详细考察了在优选的Cu/SiO2催化剂上反应气氛、温度和空速对甘油脱水性能的影响.与纯H2或N2相比,在5%H2～95%N2混合气气氛下反应,Cu/SiO2催化剂表现出较高的活性和羟基丙酮选择性.采用H2-N2混合气作为反应气氛,在一定程度上抑制了N2气氛下催化剂的失活和H2气氛下羟基丙酮的过度加氢.在220℃,常压,5%H2-95%N2混合气气氛和WHSV=0.08 h-1条件下,甘油转化率和羟基丙酮选择性分别高达98.8%和84.6%.
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