以乙腈为碳源和氮源,采用化学气相沉积法制备了氮掺杂的碳纳米管.电子显微镜观察表明,样品形貌为中空的多壁纳米管,管腔大小10～15 nm,壁厚10～20 nm.X射线光电子能谱结果表明,氮已掺杂到碳纳米管结构中,主要以吡啶型氮和取代型氮存在.结合X射线衍射和拉曼光谱结果发现,随着制备温度的升高,氮掺杂量减少,但纳米管的石墨化程度提高.与未掺杂碳纳米管相比,氮掺杂碳纳米管负载的Ru催化剂上催化合成氨反应活性增加,于650℃制得的掺氮碳纳米管负载的Ru催化剂活性相对最高,这可能是由于载体中氮掺杂和管壁石墨化的综合作用所致.
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