在不同CO分压下制备了ε-Fe2C,X″-Fe5C2和θ-Fe3C等系列单相碳化铁,经钝化处理后采用低温N2物理吸附、穆斯堡尔谱、激光拉曼光谱和程序升温脱附技术进行了详细的表征.结果发现,碳化气氛,尤其是碳化温度对所得碳化铁结晶度有所影响.碳化铁表面的积碳程度随碳化气氛中CO分压的升高而增高,而随碳化温度的升高呈抛物线形式增高;不同碳化条件下生成的碳化铁晶型和表面积碳的差异导致其织构性质及其吸附CO的能力不同,低温(200℃)碳化生成的Fe2C表面解离吸附CO的能力显著强于其他碳化铁；低碳气氛中生成的Fe3C上CO的解离脱附量最大;其他条件下生成的碳化铁因表面吸附活性位的破坏和大量沉积碳的生成使得解离吸附CO的能力较弱.
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