以油页岩灰渣提取的硅酸钠为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法并结合多种纳米粉体分散技术,制备了分散性好、粒径均一的纳米SiO2,其平均粒径约为10 nm.制备过程中聚乙二醇(PEG)的加入能够有效的降低纳米SiO2的表面能,减少粒子的团聚,PEG的最佳浓度为3.0％；超声振荡的空化作用所释放出的巨大冲击波和微射流,能有效地击散纳米SiO2团聚体,其最佳超声时间为0.5h;硅酸湿凝胶与正丁醇共沸蒸馏能有效脱除凝胶中的水,防止下燥过程中颗粒间硬团聚.
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