不相溶混合溶剂的选择性胶凝对于溶剂纯化和分离,特别是溢油处理和水体净化具有十分重要的意义.具有选择性胶凝能力的胶凝剂可以是高分子、微纳米颗粒和小分子胶凝剂.然而,相对于高分子和微纳米颗粒材料,以小分子化合物为胶凝剂的凝胶往往具有凝胶-溶胶相变可逆性,这种可逆性无疑会对凝胶体系的实际应用带来额外的好处.基于这些考虑,本文按照胶凝剂分子的结构,分类介绍此类小分子胶凝剂研究进展,并展望了相关研究的前景和可能应用.
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