分别用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)以及二者混合物(CTAB-SDS)的水溶液处理天然蒙脱土.用红外光谱和X射线衍射比较了它们对蒙脱土结构的影响.证明CTAB及CTAB-SDS处理蒙脱土的层间距分别由1.5420 nm增大至2.1946和1.8935 nm.表明CTAB插入蒙脱土层间,且CTAB及CTAB-SDS处理蒙脱土在苯乙烯中分散性能明显提高,对有机物表现出良好的吸附性;而阴离子表面活性剂未进入蒙脱土层间,蒙脱土的结构和性能几乎未变.
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