报道了一种绿色、简易的合成灭草灵的方法,首次以廉价易得且能循环使用的非金属硒作催化剂,以CO替代剧毒光气作羰基化试剂,通过3,4-二氯苯胺和甲醇经“一锅法”的硒催化氧化羰基化反应来直接合成灭草灵.考察了压力、3,4-二氯苯胺和甲醇用量比、催化剂硒粉用量、溶剂种类、时间、温度及助催化剂种类对反应的影响规律,获得了实施该反应的较优条件.即,在100 mL高压反应釜中:压力3 MPa(n(CO):n(O2)=9:1),3,4-二氯苯胺5 mmol,CH3OH75 mmol,Se 0.25 mmol,乙酸乙酯10 mL,时间5h,温度130℃,三乙胺10 mmol.在此条件下,目标产物灭草灵的收率为67％.该方法具有步骤简短、方法绿色和操作方便等优点.
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