以氯苯为原料,采用混酸硝化得到单硝基氯苯(邻-、对-混合物不经分离),在n(单硝基氯苯):n(硝酸):n(硫酸)=1.00:1.10～1.15:2.20及(100±5)℃下,反应65～75 min合成2,4-二硝基氯苯;然后在乙酸乙酯介质中,将得到的2,4-二硝基氯苯在n(2,4-二硝基氯苯):n(二乙醇胺)=1.00:2.20及65～ 70℃下,与二乙醇胺进行亲核取代反应4h,合成N,N-二(β-羟乙基)-2,4-二硝基苯胺;利用熔点测试、红外、核磁共振等技术手段确认了合成产品的化学结构.将最终产物以一定比例和其它二元醇混合,并与二异氰酸酯反应得到一种黄色聚氨酯弹性膜.通过膜强度、色迁移、耐酸碱洗涤等实验发现,设计合成的N,N-二(β-羟乙基)-2,4-二硝基苯胺的应用性能优于日本、韩国相应的反应型着色剂,完全达到美国米尔肯公司的反应型着色剂应用性能.
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