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采用异氰酸酯和环氧树脂作为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)和偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)作为发泡剂制备了交联聚氯乙烯泡沫材料.通过扫描电子显微镜分析了两种发泡剂的粒径、比例以及用量对泡孔结构的影响.结果表明,AIBN的粒径对泡沫的泡孔结构影响不大,但其用量增加导致泡沫密度减小;AC的粒径对泡孔结构产生一定的影响,最优的粒径范围为8~ 20 μm,并且随着用量增加,泡孔尺寸变小,但对密度影响不大.采用DSC研究了AIBN和AC在预混料中的分解情况,提出了两种发泡剂影响泡沫的泡孔结构的机理.对泡沫材料力学性能的分析表明,泡沫的强度随密度的增加而增加,剪切变形则在60~80 kg/m3密度范围内出现最大值.

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