生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂是微生物在一定条件下产生的次级代谢产物，其分子具有极性亲水基团和非极性亲油基团结构，通常表现出很高的表面活性和界面优先分配能力。可靠的分离提纯方法和成分鉴定手段是鼠李糖脂生产工艺成功的重要保证。实验通过好氧发酵培养铜绿假单胞菌CCTCCAB93066、酸沉降分离得到鼠李糖脂后，利用柱色谱提纯技术得到纯化的鼠李糖脂的单糖脂和二糖脂，最后采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用法进行成分鉴定。结果显示这两种鼠李糖脂均含有3种主要成分，其中单糖脂的主要成分为RhaC10C10、RhaC10C12-H2、RhaC10C12，二糖脂的主要成分为Rha2C10C10、Rha2C10C12-H2、Rha2C10C12。该研究结果表明，铜绿假单胞菌CCTCCAB93066是一种良好的鼠李糖脂产生菌；酸沉降-柱色谱技术可以用于鼠李糖脂的深度提纯，且有较好的效果；而高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术对鼠李糖脂成分鉴定具有灵敏度高和准确性好等优点，是一种较为可靠的检测方法。
Biosurfactant rhamnolipid is a metabolic intermediate produced by microorganisms under a certain condition. There are the polar hydrophilic group and the non-polar hydrophobic group in rhamnolipid molecule which always exhibits high surface or interfacial activity. A relia-ble separation and purification method as well as component identification technique is essential for success of production process. The rhamnolipid was produced by aerobic fermentation using Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCTCC AB93066 in this study. It was separated from the culture by acid precipitation and purified by column chromatography until two groups of monorhamnolipid and dirhamnolipid were obtained. High performance liquid chromatography with mass spec-trometry(HPLC-MS)examination showed that either the monorhamnolipid or the dirhamnolip-id contained three major species. They were RhaC 10 C 10 ,RhaC 10 C 12-H 2 ,RhaC 10 C 12 for monorh-amnolipid and Rha 2 C 10 C 10 ,Rha 2 C 10 C 12-H 2 ,Rha 2 C 10 C 12 for dirhamnolipid. The results of the study suggested that Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCTCC AB93066 is a good strain for rhamnolipid production. Acid precipitation-column chromatography technique is good for purification of rh-amnolipid. Meanwhile,HPLC-MS is a reliable method for identifying components of rhamnolipid with high sensitivity and accuracy.
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