大气颗粒物中有机物成分分析对深入研究大气颗粒物对人类健康、环境、气候、生态的影响,解析气溶胶来源,制定颗粒物控制相关法规,以及风险管理方法具有重要意义.由于颗粒物中的有机组分种类繁多,分析复杂,目前仅10％～20％的有机物得到了定性和定量分析.因此,大气细颗粒中有机物的分析已成为环境分析领域的优先发展方向.色谱是大气颗粒物中有机物分析的主要方法,而样品制备则是影响分析速度和精度的关键步骤.本文对颗粒物中有机组分色谱分析前的样品制备方法进行了综述,介绍了索氏提取、超声辅助提取、微波辅助提取、加压溶剂提取等溶剂提取方法以及热解吸提取方法,并重点介绍了这些方法在大气颗粒物样品处理中的应用,总结了各种方法的优缺点.
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