立体匹配中,低纹理区域容易产生匹配多义性,导致失配,为了解决低纹理匹配问题,通常采用增大聚合窗口或全局优化算法(如:动态规划算法),但是此类算法会导致边缘处的视差模糊不清,因此,文章提出了一种基于边缘图像的快速立体匹配算法.首先,对立体图像对进行边缘检测和Sobel滤波;然后,基于Sobel滤波后的图像,先后计算水平聚合代价和垂直聚合代价;最后,利用WTA(Winter-Take All)优化算法得到最终视差图.实验中,对视差稠密度和准确度进行了定量分析,左右一致性检验平均达标率超过了88％,结果表明,本算法使用边缘提取取代图像分割作为代价聚合向导,很好地解决了低纹理区域立体匹配问题,同时大大提高了匹配效率,获得了准确可靠的视差图,达到了自主导航系统的要求.
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