烷氧基硅烷通常用于石材防护,最大的缺陷是烷氧基硅烷在石材孔隙干燥过程中形成二氧化硅凝胶表现为开裂.本文综述了使用烷氧基硅烷制备无裂缝二氧化硅的措施,包括添加干燥控制化学剂、纳米粒子、表面活性剂、有机改性剂,同时介绍了催化剂对烷氧基硅烷的水解和缩合影响,对烷氧基硅烷作为石材防护涂料的研究提出了展望.
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