采用纳米晶PVC和PVDF两种聚合物为基体, 采用复合材料模压工艺制备了PZT/聚合物压电复合材料, 研究了聚合物基体和陶瓷体积分数对复合材料的结构及介电、压电和铁电性能的影响.结果表明: 增加陶瓷体积分数有助于获得性能优良的压电复合材料.在压电陶瓷高含量区(≥50%), 部分压电陶瓷颗粒相互联接, 形成了类似0-3(1-3)型复合连通形式, 是复合材料获得优良电性能的主要原因.在陶瓷含量相同时, 聚合物的性能影响了复合材料的电性能.陶瓷含量为50%时, 由于PVDF基体有较高的介电常数, 该复合材料体系的矫顽场Ec明显低于PVC体系, 但PVC体系显示出较高的剩余极化Pr, 这是PVC体系可以获得较高的机电耦合系数的主要原因;采用PVC为基体获得了具有较好的综合机电性能: d33=15 pC·N-1, g33=41.5 mV·m·N-1, Kp=0.226, 良好的柔顺性和机械加工性的压电复合材料, 有望在水声材料中获得应用.
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