为了获得发射性能优异,均匀性良好的热电子发射阴极,本文采用液-液掺杂结合两步氢还原法制备出氧化钪掺杂钨粉,并在此基础上通过压制、烧结和浸渍工艺制备出浸渍型扩散阴极.采用SEM、电子发射测量装置和AES对阴极微观结构、发射性能和激活期间阴极表面活性元素的变化进行了研究.研究结果显示:阴极孔度合适,孔结构良好,孔分布均匀,颗粒达到亚微米级.该阴极的发射测试结果显示在850℃b时Jdiv为51A·cm-2.分析认为阴极的亚微米结构有利于激活和工作过程中活性物质的扩散和在表面的均匀分布,对阴极的发射起促进作用.
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