介绍了我国钒资源以及石煤的分布情况,指出了石煤提钒的难点和关键,综述了国内主要石煤提钒浸出过程的工艺条件、应用情况及各自的优缺点.空白焙烧-低酸浸出成本低、钒的浸出率高、污染少,但该技术不具有普适性;石煤碱浸出提钒、钙化焙烧提钒及石煤高酸浸出提钒,污染少,都能够获得高钒浸出率,但高的浸出成本,限制了其应用.钠化焙烧提钒普适性强,钒浸出率高,浸出液中钒的提取过程简单,在焙烧过程添加固氯剂后,产生的Cl_2和HCl气体能够75%以上被固化下来,可大大降低烟气治理的成本.
Vanadium resources and the distribution of stone coal in China were introduced.The difficulty and the key of stone coal extraction vanadium were pointed out.The vanadium leaching process from stone coal was reviewed,including its leaching condition,application circs and its respective merits and faults.Although no-salt-roasting and dilute acid solution leaching technology had the advantages of low cost,high vanadium leaching efficiency as well as low pollution,this technology could not be applied for all stone coal.No-salt-roasting NaOH solution leaching technology,calcium salt roasting extracting vanadium technology and high concentrate acid leaching technology had the characteristics of low pollution and high vanadium leaching efficiency.However,the high costs restricted their application.NaCl masting extracting vanadium technology had good universality,high vanadium leaching efficiency,and the extract process of vanadium from the leaching solution Was simply.After adding the agent during the roasting process,the solidified ratio of Cl_2 and HCl could reach 75%,which could gready reduce the cost of waste gas treatment.
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