采用电子探针背散射电子图像、波谱和能谱分析技术,对包头稀土精矿中钍的赋存状态进行了研究.结果发现稀土精矿中没有独立的钍矿石[方钍石(ThO2)、铁钍石(Th,Fe,Ca,Ce)(Si,P)(O,OH)·nH2O、钍石(ThSiO4)],而主要以类质同象形式存在于稀土矿物(氟碳酸盐矿物和磷酸盐矿物).在浮选过程中,钍的独立矿物与含铁的矿物一起浮选出去.氟碳酸盐矿物主要有氟碳铈矿和氟碳钙铈矿,其ThO2含量可高达1.68%;磷酸盐矿物主要是独居石,其ThO2含量可高达1.67%.虽然稀土精矿中没有高含量的独立钍矿物,钍的含量依然高于文献报道中稀土精矿钍的平均含量(约0.2%).
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